2023 – 1

The Arctic is the northern region of the Earth, including the deep Arctic basin, shallow marginal seas with islands and adjacent parts of the continental landmass of Europe, Asia and North America. The Arctic zone of Russia is the part of the Arctic under the sovereignty and jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. The Arctic has become a territory where political and economic interests of many countries collide. Under the conditions of aggravation of the existing world order, military power is still considered by the leading states as an important component of ensuring the achievement of their economic and political goals. The main goal of the US and its NATO allies is to expand their economic presence in the regions of the North, to achieve the internationalization of the Northern Sea Route and eventually to push Russia out of the region by unleashing military operations in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. As a result of the intensified military activity in the Arctic, the number of exercises has increased. The areas of NATO naval combat training, conducted in Norway, are annually approaching the borders of the Russian Federation. This forces the military and political leadership of our country to take a new approach to solving problems related to the creation and further use of military infrastructure in the Arctic zone. Russia has to realize this and be ready to defend its interests, so the main task in the sphere of ensuring military security in the Arctic is the sustainability and activity of defense. In the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation, military security will be significantly influenced by: the views of the command of the probable enemy on the offensive; the views of the command of the Russian Armed Forces on the defense; physical, geographical and climatic conditions of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation.

The article presents a methodology for assessing geodynamic risks, based on the use of such climate indicators as the average annual amount of precipitation and the average annual duration of sunshine. The purpose of the work is to select and justify criteria for correlating observational data on climatic factors with calculated model geodynamic and experimental geophysical data. Particular attention is paid to the mathematical modeling of geodynamic risks based on the use of a thermoelastic model and the identification of correlations between the climatic factors under consideration and the geodynamic characteristics of the geological environment. The main results of the practical implementation of the method developed by the authors for assessing geodynamic risks based on climate indicators using the example of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation are presented and discussed.

The article analyzes the issues of possible integration of the educational process in educational organizations of emergency departments of Russia and Belarus. The analysis of the legislation on fire safety of the Union State, curricula for the training of fire protection specialists is carried out. The probability of joint comprehensive training of personnel in the field of fire safety, their functionality, stages of employment is considered. The issue of training specialists using remote technologies is discussed.

According to official data, the main number of nuclear and radiation underwater potentially dangerous objects are located in the Arctic seas of the Russian Federation, which may be sources of emergency situations. Potential sources of radiation emergencies may also be vessels with nuclear power plants located in the waters of the Arctic region, and enterprises in the Arctic region that use nuclear power plants and fissile radioactive materials in their activities. In the article, based on existing official data, real and hypothetical radiation threats and risks and sources of potential radiation emergencies in the Arctic region are given. The risk of possible radiation emergencies requires continuous monitoring of underwater potentially hazardous objects, taking into account the prediction of possible emergencies. The article offers principles of technical solutions for long-term and operational monitoring of radiation threats in the Arctic region and analyzes problem issues of prevention of radiation emergencies with underwater potentially hazardous objects. The proposed technical means will make it possible to carry out an effective assessment of radiation risks and threats in the Arctic and effectively accompany the work on the prevention and elimination of radiation emergencies, Sources of which could be underwater potentially hazardous objects.

The article presents the results of the research based on the analysis of literary sources. One of the most urgent problems of public health care in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation on rendering first aid in conditions of low ambient temperatures, directly related to the important state task – to reduce the mortality rate of victims – is studied. The analysis shows that the introduction of innovative medical and technical developments in the practice of professional rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia in the provision of first aid seems to be a promising way to minimize the number of human losses in emergency situations. The implementation of this approach requires the improvement of the legal framework for the provision of first aid by rescuers who do not have medical education, the development of innovative layouts for fire and rescue units of the Federal Fire Fighting Service of EMERCOM of Russia, and the introduction of changes in the educational training programs for rescuers. The area of the conducted research includes the solution of practical tasks on practicing the issues of first aid to the injured, which is a priority direction in the activities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

The work is aimed at studying and analyzing the effectiveness of the application of unmanned aerial systems for solving tasks in the system of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. In the process of research methods of analysis are used to study the experience of application of unmanned aerial systems in the units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, domestic and foreign publications on the subject, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as other sources of information on monitoring and search and rescue operations with the use of unmanned aviation.

As an object of modern attention, the Arctic covers geopolitical, economic, military, social and other aspects. There are many factors that make the Arctic an attractive and promising territory for many states, which also becomes a cause for conflicts. This article focuses on the study of the interests of the “polar G8” countries in the Arctic region, in the prism of their intersection and collision, since in fact the Arctic has long ceased to play the role of a geographical buffer between the great powers and is rapidly becoming one of the main platforms for the confrontation of strategic interests of several dozen states at once. The countries of the Polar Eight and other countries that are interested in this region are developing strategies for the implementation of state policy in relation to the Arctic. Mechanisms for implementing their own strategies and programs in the Arctic region for a number of countries have similar priorities with overlapping interests. Finding a balance between the protection of national aspirations and joint activities is one of the primary tasks for the international community, but possible scenarios for the development of cooperation in the Arctic show that this cannot always be achieved.

Due to the intensive development of the resources of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation and the development of transport routes in it, great attention is paid to the complex development of the region, including the protection of the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies. Accordingly, considerable financial resources are allocated for measures to protect the population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies. The security of people living and working in the Arctic region depends on how effectively these funds are used. At the same time, it should be noted that the mechanical transfer of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of measures carried out in other territories of the Russian Federation may not be correct, Since the effectiveness of measures to protect people and territories from natural and man-made emergencies depends significantly on population density, hydrometeorological and other natural conditions. In the Arctic region, according to official statistics, the number of emergencies per year is usually no more than 10, which is significantly less per area than in the whole country. Such developments are therefore not amenable to statistical processing because of insufficient data. This article analyzes the existing methods of evaluating the effectiveness of measures to protect the population and territories from natural and technogenic emergencies and offers a methodical approach to evaluating the effectiveness of such measures for the Arctic region with taking into account its features and rare events, based on a comparative assessment of the damage avoided and the financial resources spent on these activities.

A necessary condition for a successful transition to the sixth technological structure of Industry 4.0 is the advanced training of personnel of the new NBICS formation. The article formulates and solves the strategic task of the revolutionary transition of economic entities from the bifurcation point to “digital platforms”, when at least 50% of the production capacity of the “superstructure” will be immediately involved and begin to function within the digitized “base”. The complexity of setting and solving the problem, taking into account the initial and boundary conditions, requires a filigree “docking” of natural and humanities disciplines, which requires advance clarification of the national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation until 2025 (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 N 751; lost force by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 N 245). As a testing ground for conducting a field economic experiment with far-reaching consequences, it seems advisable to choose the Arctic, which has all the characteristic features of a unique phase space. The results obtained will make it possible to predict and smooth out possible peaks of tension in the course of projecting the priority technological structure for the rapid development cycle of Russia over the entire economic space.

The article draws attention to two closely related modern problems: nuclear deterrence and nuclear security. The aim of the research is to substantiate and use the axiomatic approach for the scientific field of knowledge about conjugate dynamic assessments of the possibility of nuclear deterrence and the necessity of guaranteed nuclear safety in the interests of sustainable development of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation. Actual aspects of nuclear security and nuclear deterrence in modern conditions in the interests of sustainable development of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation and national security of Russia are considered. The differentiation of countries, the results of comparison of the USA and Russia in the light of ensuring nuclear security are presented. Three stages of nuclear defense, within which it is necessary to solve the issues of integrated nuclear security provision, are singled out. An axiomatic approach to ensuring nuclear safety and nuclear deterrence in the interests of sustainable development of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation is presented, and the possibilities of its use are described. Special and general scientific methods of scientific cognition were used in the work.